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仿真 7

质量控制 6

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智能控制 4

主动控制 3

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Control of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion in a two-cylinder gasoline direct injectionengine with negative valve overlap

WANG Zhi, WANG Jianxin, SHUAI Shijin, MA Qingjun, TIAN Guohong

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 311-315 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0045-3

摘要： Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) has challenges in ignition timing control, combustion rate control, and operating range extension. In this paper, HCCI combustion was studied in a two-cylinder gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine with negative valve overlap (NVO). A two-stage gasoline direct injection strategy combined with negative valve overlap was used to control mixture formation and combustion. The gasoline engine could be operated in HCCI combustion mode at a speed range of 800–2 200 r/min and load, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) range of 0.1–0.53 MPa. The engine fuel consumption is below 240 g/(kW

关键词： Homogeneous control combustion consumption extension

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燃油喷雾形态主动控制的可能性 Review

Masataka Arai

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第3期页码 519-534 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.04.010

摘要：

内燃机（ICE）对于汽车是有吸引力的动力源，具有良好的可储存性、可运输性，同时需要供应高能量密度的液体燃料。具有高性能和低环境危害的紧凑型内燃机是内燃机发展趋势。未来必须把燃油喷雾智能主动控制的燃烧作为解决传统内燃机相关重大问题（如排放）的突破性技术。已发展出在喷雾期间形成预期的燃料喷射速率和喷射模式的技术，并且传统内燃机可以在一定程度上控制燃烧。但是在燃烧范围内，燃料在空间上的扩散并未取得预期进展。因此，对于燃烧的智能控制，新且有效的燃油喷雾主动控制技术是非常必要的。空化、闪蒸、喷雾- 喷雾相互作用、喷雾-壁面相互作用和空气流动是有可能实现燃油喷雾形态主动控制的基础。本文使用文献中的论据来讨论未来喷雾燃烧的智能紧凑内燃机中喷雾形态主动控制技术的可能性。

关键词：内燃机，燃料喷雾，喷雾控制，喷雾形态，喷油器

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Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

Zhen HUANG , Xinqi QIAO , Wugao ZHANG , Junhua WU , Junjun ZHANG ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 99-108 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0013-1

摘要： As a developing and the most populous country in the world, China faces major challenges in energy supply and environmental protection. It is of great importance to develop clean and alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the basis of researches on DME engine and vehicle at Shanghai Jiaotong University in the last twelve years, fuel injection, combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of DME engine and DME vehicle are introduced in this paper. The results indicate that DME engines can achieve high thermal efficiency and ultra low emissions, and will play a significant role in meeting the energy demand while minimizing environmental impact in China.

关键词： dimethyl ether (DME) fuel injection combustion process emission control CI engine vehicle

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Control of peak pressures of an HCCI engine under varying swirl and operating parameters

T. KARTHIKEYA SHARMA,G. AMBA PRASAD RAO,K. MADHU MURTHY

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 337-346 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0401-2

摘要： The major advantages of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) are high efficiency in combination with low NO -emissions. However, one of the major challenges with HCCI is the control of higher peak pressures which may damage the engine, limiting the HCCI engine life period. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze computationally the effect of induction swirl in controlling the peak pressures of an HCCI engine under various operating parameters. A single cylinder 1.6 L reentrant piston bowl diesel engine is chosen. For computational analysis, the ECFM-3Z model of STAR –CD is considered because it is suitable for analyzing the combustion processes in SI and CI engines. As an HCCI engine is a hybrid version of SI and CI engines, the ECFM-3Z model with necessary modifications is used to analyze the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The ECFM-3Z model for HCCI mode of combustion is validated with the existing literature to make sure that the results obtained are accurate. Numerical experiments are performed to study the effect of varying properties like speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and equivalence ratio under different swirl ratios in controlling the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The results show that the swirl ratio has a considerable impact on controlling the peak pressures of HCCI engine. A reduction in peak pressures are observed with a swirl ratio of 4 because of reduced in cylinder temperatures. The combined effect of four operating parameters, i.e., the speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, EGR, and equivalence ratio with swirl ratios suggest that lower intake temperatures, reentrant piston bowl, higher engine speeds and higher swirl ratios are favorable in controlling the peak pressures.

关键词： HCCI engine ECFM-3Z Swirl ratio peak pressures engine speed piston bowl geometry

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High pressure air spray assistant power supply control strategies and their effects on diesel engine

HAN Yongqiang, LIU Zhongchang, WANG Zhongshu, ZHU Ruoqun

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 295-299 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0042-6

摘要： In order to reduce smoke from direct-injection (DI) turbo-charged and after-cooled (TCA) diesel engines under transient operations, the real-time controlling and measuring system of a high pressure air spray assistant power supply (HPAS) was developed. Effects of HPAS on a DI TCA diesel engine under constant engine speed and increased torque (CSIT) transient operations were studied by using different control strategies. Pre-spray (PS) strategy, which means supplying highly pressurized air into the exhaust manifold two seconds before the accelerating-graph begins to rise and stopping spraying air when the accelerating-graph stops rising. Two other strategies—full-time-spray (FTS) and middle-time-spray (MTS)—were used to fully exploit HPAS potential. With the FTS and MTS strategies, the HPAS system can remarkably decrease smoke from DI TCA diesel engines under transient operations.

关键词： different after-cooled real-time controlling CSIT supply

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Design and modeling of a free-piston engine generator

《能源前沿（英文）》页码 811-821 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0848-2

摘要： Free-piston engine generators (FPEGs) can be applied as decarbonized range extenders for electric vehicles because of their high thermal efficiency, low friction loss, and ultimate fuel flexibility. In this paper, a parameter-decoupling approach is proposed to model the design of an FPEG. The parameter-decoupling approach first divides the FPEG into three parts: a two-stroke engine, an integrated scavenging pump, and a linear permanent magnet synchronous machine (LPMSM). Then, each of these is designed according to predefined specifications and performance targets. Using this decoupling approach, a numerical model of the FPEG, including the three aforementioned parts, was developed. Empirical equations were adopted to design the engine and scavenging pump, while special considerations were applied for the LPMSM. A finite element model with a multi-objective genetic algorithm was adopted for its design. The finite element model results were fed back to the numerical model to update the LPMSM with increased fidelity. The designed FPEG produced 10.2 kW of electric power with an overall system efficiency of 38.5% in a stable manner. The model provides a solid foundation for the manufacturing of related FPEG prototypes.

关键词： free-piston engine generator linear permanent magnet synchronous machine system design numerical model finite element method

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Smart product design for automotive systems

A. Galip ULSOY

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第1期页码 102-112 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0527-0

摘要： Automobiles evolved from primarily mechanical to electro-mechanical, or mechatronic, vehicles. For example, carburetors have been replaced by fuel injection and air-fuel ratio control, leading to order of magnitude improvements in fuel economy and emissions. Mechatronic systems are pervasive in modern automobiles and represent a synergistic integration of mechanics, electronics and computer science. They are smart systems, whose design is more challenging than the separate design of their mechanical, electronic and computer/control components. In this review paper, two recent methods for the design of mechatronic components are summarized and their applications to problems in automotive control are highlighted. First, the combined design, or co-design, of a smart artifact and its controller is considered. It is shown that the combined design of an artifact and its controller can lead to improved performance compared to sequential design. The coupling between the artifact and controller design problems is quantified, and methods for co-design are presented. The control proxy function method, which provides ease of design as in the sequential approach and approximates the performance of the co-design approach, is highlighted with application to the design of a passive/active automotive suspension. Second, the design for component swapping modularity (CSM) of a distributed controller for a smart product is discussed. CSM is realized by employing distributed controllers residing in networked smart components, with bidirectional communication over the network. Approaches to CSM design are presented, as well as applications of the method to a variable-cam-timing engine, and to enable battery swapping in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.

关键词： mechatronics automotive control co-design component swapping modularity active suspensions variable camshaft timing engine plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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Study of engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics fueled with diesel-like fuel producedfrom waste engine oil and waste plastics

V. Edwin Geo, Ankit Sonthalia, Fethi Aloui, Femilda Josephin J. S.

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1063-6

摘要：

To derive liquid fuel from waste engine oil and plastics thorough pyrolysis process

To make equal blend of waste engine oil and plastics with diesel fuel

To find the suitability of fuel from waste in diesel engine through performance, emission and combustion characteristics

关键词： Waste engine oil Waste plastic oil Diesel fuel Pyrolysis Compression ignition engine

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A new miniaturized engine based on thermomagnetic effect of magnetic fluids

Lujun ZHOU, Yimin XUAN, Qiang LI, Wenlei LIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 160-166 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0018-9

摘要： A new engine system, essentially consisting of a permanent NdFeB magnet, a kerosene-based magnetic fluid and a rotor, is proposed based on the thermomagnetic effect of a temperature-sensitive magnetic fluid. The rotor was driven by the thermal convection of the magnetic fluid in the presence of a homogeneous external magnetic field. A digital camera was used to record the rotation speed of the rotor to investigate the performance of the engine system under varying conditions such as heat load, heat sink temperature, and magnetic field distribution. The peak angle velocity obtained for the rotor was about 2.1 rad/min. The results illustrate that the rotation speed of the rotor increases as the input heat load increases, or as the heat sink temperature decreases. The performance of the motor is considerably influenced by the magnetic field imposed. Therefore, the performance of such an engine can be controlled conveniently by changing the external magnetic field and/or the temperature distribution in the fluid.

关键词： magnetic fluid thermomagnetic effect engine

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Full-field dynamic strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade from limited displacement responses

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0731-1

摘要： Blade strain distribution and its change with time are crucial for reliability analysis and residual life evaluation in blade vibration tests. Traditional strain measurements are achieved by strain gauges (SGs) in a contact manner at discrete positions on the blades. This study proposes a method of full-field and real-time strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade based on limited displacement responses. Limited optical measured displacement responses are utilized to reconstruct the full-field strain. The full-field strain distribution is in-time visualized. A displacement-to-strain transformation matrix is derived on the basis of the blade mode shapes in the modal coordinate. The proposed method is validated on an aero-engine blade in numerical and experimental cases. Three discrete vibrational displacement responses measured by laser triangulation sensors are used to reconstruct the full-field strain over the whole operating time. The reconstructed strain responses are compared with the results measured by SGs and numerical simulation. The high consistency between the reconstructed and measured results demonstrates the accurate strain reconstructed by the method. This paper provides a low-cost, real-time, and visualized measurement of blade full-field dynamic strain using displacement response, where the traditional SGs would fail.

关键词： aero-engine blade displacement response dynamic strain reconstruction mode shape strain gauge

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Satellite scheduling engine: The intelligent solver for future multi-satellite management

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第4期页码 683-688 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0222-4

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Group-based multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine focusing on parallel layout

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 798-813 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0645-3

摘要： External pipe routing for aero-engine in limited three-dimensional space is a typical nondeterministic polynomial hard problem, where the parallel layout of pipes plays an important role in improving the utilization of layout space, facilitating pipe assembly, and maintenance. This paper presents an automatic multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine that focuses on parallel layout. The compressed visibility graph construction algorithm is proposed first to determine rapidly the rough path and interference relationship of the pipes to be routed. Based on these rough paths, the information of pipe grouping and sequencing are obtained according to the difference degree and interference degree, respectively. Subsequently, a coevolutionary improved differential evolution algorithm, which adopts the coevolutionary strategy, is used to solve multiple pipe layout optimization problem. By using this algorithm, pipes in the same group share the layout space information with one another, and the optimal layout solution of pipes in this group can be obtained in the same evolutionary progress. Furthermore, to eliminate the minor angle deviation of parallel pipes that would cause assembly stress in actual assembly, an accurate parallelization processing method based on the simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Finally, the simulation results on an aero-engine demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： multiple pipe routing optimization algorithm aero-engine pipe grouping parallel layout

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An experimental study of a single-piston free piston linear generator

Jin XIAO, Yingdong CHENG, Jinlong WANG, Chengwei ZHU, Zhen HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期页码 916-930 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0838-4

摘要： Free piston linear generator (FPLG) is a promising range extender for the electrical vehicle with unparallel advantages, such as compact structure, higher system efficiency, and reduced maintenance cost. However, due to the lack of the mechanic crankshaft, the related piston motion control is a challenge for the FPLG which causes problems such as misfire and crash and limits its widespread commercialization. Aimed at resolving the problems as misfire, a single-piston FPLG prototype has been designed and manufactured at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). In this paper, the development process and experimental validation of the related control strategies were detailed. From the experimental studies, significant misfires were observed at first, while the FPLG operated in natural-aspiration conditions. The root cause of this misfire was then identified as the poor scavenging process, and a compressed air source was leveraged to enhance the related scavenging pressure. Afterward, optimal control parameters, in terms of scavenging pressure, air-fuel equivalence ratio, and ignition position, were then calibrated in this charged-scavenging condition. Eventually, the FPLG prototype has achieved a continuous stable operation of over 1000 cycles with an ignition rate of 100% and a cycle-to-cycle variation of less than 0.8%, produced an indicated power of 2.8 kW with an indicated thermal efficiency of 26% and an electrical power of 2.5 kW with an overall efficiency of 23.2%.

关键词： free piston linear generator (FPLG) charged scavenging engine control misfire stable operation

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Progress in hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and engine applications

Zuohua HUANG, Jinhua WANG, Erjiang HU, Chenglong TANG, Yingjia ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 73-80 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0287-1

摘要： The paper summarized the work on hydrogen enriched hydrocarbons combustion and its application in engines. The progress and understanding on laminar burning velocity, flame instability, flame structure flame and chemical kinetics were presented. Based on fundamental combustion, both homogeneous spark-ignition engine and direct-injection spark-ignition engine fueled with natural gas-hydrogen blends were conducted and the technical route of natural gas-hydrogen combined with exhaust gas recirculation was proposed which experimentally demonstrated benefits on both thermal efficiency improvement and emissions reduction.

关键词： hydrogen enriched hydrocarbon combustion fundamental study engine application

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Typical off-design analytical performances of internal combustion engine cogeneration

Xiaohong HE, Ruixian CAI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0007-z

摘要： Based on experimental data, typical off-design characteristic curves with corresponding formulas of internal combustion engine (ICE) are summarized and investigated. In combination with analytical solution of single-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and influence of ambient pressure on combined heat and power (CHP) system, off-design operation regularities of ICE cogeneration are analyzed. The approach temperature difference Δ , relative steam production and superheated steam temperature decrease with the decrease in engine load. The total energy efficiency, equivalent exergy efficiency and economic exergy efficiency first increase and then decrease. Therefore, there exists an optimum value, corresponding to ICE best efficiency operating condition. It is worth emphasizing that Δ is likely to be negative in low load condition with high design steam parameter and low ICE design exhaust gas temperature. Compared with single shaft gas turbine cogeneration, Δ in ICE cogeneration is more likely to be negative. The main reason for this is that the gas turbine has an increased exhaust gas flow with the decrease in load; while ICE is on the contrary. Moreover, ICE power output and efficiency decrease with the decrease in ambient pressure. Hence, approach temperature difference, relative steam production and superheated steam temperature decrease rapidly while the cogeneration efficiencies decrease slightly. It is necessary to consider the influence of ambient conditions, especially the optimization of ICE performances at different places, on cogeneration performances.

关键词： internal combustion engine (ICE) cogeneration heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) off-design superheated steam saturated steam ambient pressure